If you know the title of the message you are looking for, you can search for it.
To do an advanced search, you can click advanced in the search field. When you are in the advanced search, you can limit the hits by whether you are searching in the inbox, archive or deleted. You can also limit the search to specific statuses, or for a given period.
To access advanced search if you are on mobile/tablet, tap the magnifying glass, and then tap the plus sign next to Limit results.
If you have an archive reference, you can search for it under Status. (If you search for messages with the status Unread, and someone else in the organization has opened the message, you will not get any hits)
Period search can be useful if you have too many items in your inbox, for example by limiting the search to the last 6 months.